In coming months, trying to save Grover Cleveland High
School from demolition might ripen into a major Portland preservation
issue.
The Portland School Board has approved plans to demolish the
1929-era school and build a replacement on the same site, while Cleveland
students would be bussed to the former Marshall High site in the meantime. The board has already authorized architects
to start drawing the plans.
Trouble is, voters have not yet been asked to approve
funding for the Cleveland project. And
the districts own preliminary studies indicate that thoroughly rebuilding the
school’s interior with new classrooms and mechanical systems could cost less
than a new building. The refurbishing
also would bear fewer environmental consequences than tearing down and building
anew.
The school district also cited a survey of 1413 respondents,
81 percent of whom said they preferred a new building to renovating the
old. Alas, 40 percent of those
respondents were students who likely didn’t have any appreciation of the
environmental costs of demolition and starting new. Concern also has been raised about how
wording in the questionnaire may have foreordained the answers.
So far, no public stances have been taken by the two
neighborhood associations directly related to Cleveland. The school sits in the Hosford-Abernethy neighborhood,
while the football field four blocks away – “Cleveland Stadium” – lies in Richmond. Decisions by those associations could have an
effect on the anticipated ballot measure for funding or encourage the district
to change its mind.
The board of directors of the Architectural Heritage Center,
a non-profit organization that strives to protect historic buildings and public
places, voted strongly in favor of preserving the historic structure. The directors said the first priority should
be renovating it as a high school; if that fails, the building should be saved
for some adaptive reuse, such as a community center or private business. The directors also noted the added
environmental costs of demolition and new construction.
It will take a significant community expression if the
building is to be saved in any form.
The four-acre Cleveland site comprises the 1929 building
designed in a Classical Revival style by the district architect of the time,
George H. Jones. Subsequent additions of less architectural importance were
built adjacent to the original in 1957, 1958 and 1968. At some point, the multi-paned double-hung
windows were removed from classrooms in the 1919 building, but restoring them
with comparable new windows could return the historic facades to their original
appearance.
The historic facades are red brick with staggered quoins of
glazed terra cotta surrounding multiple doorways and exterior corners. A historic evaluation performed by the school
district in 2007 concluded that Cleveland “retains its integrity of feeling,
association, materials, setting and workmanship” reflecting its origins and
history. The study concluded that the
building would be eligible to for placement on the National Register of
Historic Places.
During a 14-year tenure as the district architect, Jones
designed 25 buildings in the era of Portland’s rapid growth. Many of them – Irvington, Beaumont, Riggler,
Duniway and Beaumont to name a few – stand as charming and well-loved monuments
in their neighborhoods.
The Cleveland project is another step in the district’s plan
to improve all Portland high schools for another century. So far, the district has done comprehensive
and tasteful restoration/modernization projects at Roosevelt, Franklin, Grant,
Madison and Benson. The school board
opted to tear down Lincoln and build new, and made the same decision at
Jefferson, where restoring the much-abused historic building was not supported
by the neighborhood.
The good news, then, is that the district might be willing
to be flexible. That’s what
preservationists should be asking for at Cleveland, hoping that it leads to a better
outcome than demolition.
---Fred Leeson
Join Building on History's email list by writing "add me" to fredleeson@hotmail.com